1. Material Make-up and Structural Characteristic
1.1 Alumina Material and Crystal Phase Development
( Alumina Lining Bricks)
Alumina lining blocks are thick, crafted refractory ceramics mainly made up of aluminum oxide (Al ₂ O FIVE), with content commonly ranging from 50% to over 99%, straight affecting their performance in high-temperature applications.
The mechanical stamina, deterioration resistance, and refractoriness of these blocks boost with greater alumina focus as a result of the growth of a robust microstructure controlled by the thermodynamically steady α-alumina (corundum) phase.
Throughout manufacturing, forerunner products such as calcined bauxite, fused alumina, or artificial alumina hydrate undergo high-temperature firing (1400 ° C– 1700 ° C), promoting stage transformation from transitional alumina kinds (γ, δ) to α-Al ₂ O FOUR, which exhibits exceptional hardness (9 on the Mohs range) and melting point (2054 ° C).
The resulting polycrystalline framework includes interlacing diamond grains installed in a siliceous or aluminosilicate lustrous matrix, the structure and volume of which are carefully regulated to balance thermal shock resistance and chemical toughness.
Small ingredients such as silica (SiO ₂), titania (TiO ₂), or zirconia (ZrO TWO) may be presented to customize sintering actions, enhance densification, or improve resistance to specific slags and fluxes.
1.2 Microstructure, Porosity, and Mechanical Stability
The efficiency of alumina lining blocks is critically based on their microstructure, specifically grain dimension distribution, pore morphology, and bonding phase qualities.
Ideal blocks exhibit fine, uniformly distributed pores (shut porosity preferred) and marginal open porosity (
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