The Use of Various Elements in Nickel-based Alloys

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Russia's insistence on paying for Russian gas in rubles has rattled European countries: Greece held an emergency meeting of suppliers, the Dutch government would urge consumers to use less gas, and the French energy regulator told consumers not to panic. Russian gas meets one-third of Europe's annual energy needs.

Russia said they could expand their demand for ruble payments for other commodities, including oil, grain, fertilizer, coal, and metals, which raised the risk of recession in Europe and the US. 

Moscow is expected to unveil its ruble payment plan in early April, but it said it would not immediately ask buyers to pay for gas in rubles.  

Western countries have said paying in rubles would be a breach of contract, and renegotiation could take months or longer. This uncertainty has pushed commodity market prices higher.

The supply and prices of other commodities like the Inconel718 powder could also be affected.

The effects of boron and silicon elements: significantly reduce the melting point of the alloy, expand the temperature range of the solid-liquid line, and form a low-melting eutectic; deoxidation and reduction and slag-making functions; hardening and strengthening of the coating; improving the performance of the operation process.

The role of copper: improve the corrosion resistance to non-oxidizing acids.

The role of chromium: solid solution strengthening, passivation; improve corrosion resistance and high temperature oxidation resistance; excess chromium easily forms chromium carbide and chromium boride hard phases with carbon and boron to improve alloy hardness and wear resistance .

The role of molybdenum element: large atomic radius, large distortion of the crystal lattice after solid solution, significantly strengthening the alloy matrix, improving the high temperature strength and red hardness of the matrix; it can cut off and reduce the network structure in the coating; improve the resistance to cavitation , Erosion ability nickel-based precision alloy.

Including nickel-based soft magnetic alloys, nickel-based precision resistance alloys, and nickel-based electric heating alloys. The most commonly used soft magnetic alloy is Permalloy with about 80% nickel. Its maximum permeability and initial permeability are high, and its coercivity is low. It is an important core material in the electronics industry. The main alloying elements of nickel-based precision resistance alloys are chromium, aluminum, and copper. This alloy has high resistivity, low temperature coefficient of resistivity and good corrosion resistance, and is used to make resistors. Nickel-based electric heating alloy is a nickel alloy containing 20% chromium. It has good oxidation and corrosion resistance and can be used for a long time at a temperature of 1000 to 1100 ℃.

Nickel-based shape memory alloy

A nickel alloy containing 50(at)% titanium. The recovery temperature is 70°C, and the shape memory effect is good. A small change in the ratio of nickel-titanium components can change the recovery temperature within the range of 30 to 100°C. It is mostly used in the manufacture of automatic opening structural parts used in spacecraft, self-exciting fasteners used in the aerospace industry, artificial heart motors used in biomedicine, etc.

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